They usually arise from (the anterior division of) the mandibular nerve (CN V3).

[1] They ascend to the temporal fossa[citation needed] and enter the deep surface of the temporalis muscle.

[2] The deep temporal nerves provide motor innervation to the temporalis muscle.

The deep temporal nerves also have articular branches which provide a minor contribution to the innervation of the temporomandibular joint.

Occasionally, a third one is present - the middle deep temporal nerve.