The office of the Deputy Prime Minister of Croatia was established on 31 May 1990, during the government of Stjepan Mesić.

It was initially held by three people: Bernardo Jurlina, Mate Babić and Milan Ramljak.

Since then 47 individuals have held the office, usually holding it simultaneously with several other people (e.g. the government of Jadranka Kosor at one point had six Deputy Prime Ministers).

In addition, Deputy Prime Ministers may choose to combine their post with another government portfolio.

The current cabinet (in office since 23 July 2020) has five Deputy Prime Ministers: Davor Božinović (since 2019), Tomo Medved (since 2020), Anja Šimpraga (since 2022), Oleg Butković (since 2022), and Branko Bačić (since 2023).