She received her Bachelor of Arts degree, summa cum laude, from the Barnard College of Columbia University in 1990 and her Juris Doctor from Yale Law School in 1995.

She began her legal career as a law clerk to Judge John M. Walker Jr. of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1995 to 1996.

After completing her clerkship, Gujarati was an associate in the New York City office of Davis Polk & Wardwell from 1996 to 1999.

From 2012 to 2020, Gujarati was the Deputy Chief of the Criminal Division of the United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York.

[14] Upon taking office, Gujarati became the first Indian American to serve as an Article III federal judge in New York.

[15] Gujarati has been married since 2000 to Charles Chesnut, who was a web site builder as of their wedding,[16] and who as of 2024 is a vice president at Integral, a communications firm.