Nandi is the head of the Center of Excellence in Space Sciences, India or CESSI at IISER Kolkata.
He is associated with Montana State University, the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian and IISER Kolkata where he carried out most of his research work.
He returned to India in 2008 and joined the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata as an assistant professor in the physics department.
He is also currently the chairperson of the Public Outreach and Education Committee of the Astronomical Society of India, vice president of the International Astronomical Union's Commission E4 and coordinator of the Education Cluster of the International Space Weather Action teams of the Committee on Space Research.
Dibyendu Nandi was the 2012 recipient of the Karen Harvey Prize of the American Astronomical Society.