Dieulafoy's lesion (French: [djølafwa]) is a medical condition characterized by a large tortuous artery[2] most commonly in the stomach wall (submucosal) that erodes and bleeds.

It was named after French surgeon Paul Georges Dieulafoy, who described this condition in his paper "Exulceratio simplex: Leçons 1-3" in 1898.

[7] Though gallbladder Dieulafoy lesions usually occur with anemia (83%), they generally do not cause overt bleeding (hematochezia, hematemesis, melena, etc.).

[7] In contrast to peptic ulcer disease, a history of alcohol use disorder or NSAID use is usually absent in Dieulafoy's lesion.

[1] Approximately 75% of Dieulafoy's lesions occur in the upper part of the stomach within 6 cm of the gastroesophageal junction, most commonly in the lesser curvature.

[3] Extragastric lesions have historically been thought to be uncommon but have been identified more frequently in recent years, likely due to increased awareness of the condition.

Dieulafoy's lesion are typically diagnosed during endoscopic evaluation, usually during upper endoscopy, which may show an isolated protruding blood vessel.

Mesenteric angiography may be particularly helpful for Dieulafoy lesions in the colon or rectum, where the evaluation may be limited by the presence of blood or poor bowel preparation.

[11] The lesion was named after French surgeon Paul Georges Dieulafoy, who described the condition in his paper "Exulceratio simplex: Leçons 1-3" in 1898.