His lectures became a center of interest inside the academic community, and he attracted students with diverse backgrounds and political convictions, such as the far right Mircea Vulcănescu, the communist Miron Constantinescu, the Austromarxist Henri H. Stahl, and the left-wing artist Lena Constante.

Creator of the Bucharest School of Sociology and several Institutes, he also led, between 1925 and 1948, the intense research of Romanian villages and the publishing of its results as detailed monographs, a work in which he was notably assisted by Gheorghe Vlădescu-Răcoasa and Stahl.

In 1936, together with Stahl and Victor Ion Popa, Gusti created the Village Museum in Bucharest, which now bears his name.

From 9 June 1932 to 13 November 1933 he was Minister of Public Instruction, Religious Affairs and the Arts in the cabinets of Alexandru Vaida-Voevod and Iuliu Maniu.

[5] Gusti defined his view on society as dependent on a set of principles: A creator of the sociological monographic method (as still used by his Bucharest School), Gusti favored and theorised first-hand intensive observation of social units and phenomena, as well as interdisciplinarity, with the research work being carried out through intensive collaboration within the field of social sciences, but also with doctors, agronomists, schoolteachers, etc.