In signal processing, direction of arrival (DOA) denotes the direction from which usually a propagating wave arrives at a point, where usually a set of sensors are located.
Often there is the associated technique of beamforming which is estimating the signal from a given direction.
[1][2] Various engineering problems addressed in the associated literature are: Advanced sophisticated techniques perform joint direction of arrival and time of arrival (ToA) estimation to allow a more accurate localization of a node.
Indeed, it is well-known in the array processing community that, generally speaking, one can resolve
When JADE [4][5] (joint angle and delay) estimation is employed, one can go beyond this limit.