The district and town courts of Russia (Russian: районный суд or городской суд; also called rayon or raion courts) are primarily courts of first instance in the judiciary of Russia but sometimes hear appeals from magistrates.
[1] They are formed in raion or areas (районах), urban areas (районах в городах), and cities (городах).
As courts of first instance, they handle criminal cases where imprisonment is for more than 3 years, and consist of 1 judge and a jury where required.
[1][2] As courts of appeal from decisions of the magistrates consisting of 1 justice of the peace, they consist of 1 judge and retry the case.
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