Dorothea von Anhalt-Zerbst (25 September 1607, Zerbst – 26 September 1634, Hitzacker) was a member of the House of Askanier and a princess of Anhalt-Zerbst and Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by marriage to Augustus the Younger.

On 26 October 1623 she married in Zerbst with Duke August the Younger of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1579–1666).

His first marriage had remained childless, like that of his brother Julius Ernest.

With the birth of her sons, Dorothea thus became the ancestress of the "New House of Brunswick", which became extinct in 1873.

[1] The family tree of the Duchess, as of 1617, can still be found in the library in Wolfenbüttel.