Dorothy Toplitzky Blum (February 21, 1924 – October 1980)[1] was an American computer scientist and cryptanalyst.

Dorothy Toplitzky was born in 1924 in New York City to Austro-Hungarian immigrant parents.

[3] This unit focused on cryptanalysis, the study of analyzing information systems to gain access to hidden aspects of systems,[4] in this case, the Axis powers' encrypted messages.

[3] During her time at the NSA in the 1950s, Blum was tasked with "keep[ing] abreast of the latest advances in the field of computing" and recommended computer technologies that could be adapted for cryptanalysis and communications intelligence.

[3] This included her use of the FORTRAN programing language[5] beginning three years before its public release in 1957.