Dorothy Stuart Russell (29 June 1895 – 19 October 1983) was an Australian born, British pathologist.

In 1918, Russell went on to study at the London Hospital Medical College (LHMC) where she discovered a mentor in Hubert Turnbull.

In 1928, Russell won a Rockefeller Scholarship and worked with Frank Mallory in Boston, and Wilder Penfield at the Montreal Neurological Institute.

From 1929, Russell worked closely with Hugh Cairns until around 1944, at the Medical Research Council.

Russell published her work with Lucien Rubinstein, The pathology of tumours of the nervous system, in 1959.