Drosophila aglaia is an endangered species of fly from Hawaii.

This species is a member of the aglaia subgroup of the picture-wing clade of Hawaiian Drosophilidae.

[1] Drosophila aglaia was described in 1965 by D. Elmo Hardy from specimens collected by O. H. Sweezey from Kilauae in 1917, and by G. B. Mainland from Kaala in 1946.

While originally reported as breeding on the bark and stems of Urera glabra,[5] these records have since been attributed to the species Drosophila kinoole.

[1] Threats to the conservation of D. aglaia include loss-of-habitat, in part due to invasive pigs and goats, as well as introduced predators such as big-headed ants, yellow crazy ants, and yellowjacket wasps.