Cors Fochno has a large expanse of primary raised mire and contains a high number of invertebrate species, including some of national and international importance.
[2] The Dyfi is a post-glacial catchment of predominantly hill land with thin, acidic soils developed on lower Palaeozoic sedimentary strata.
[2] The bryophyte, lichen and fern communities of the shady, damp valley woods are particularly notable, with large numbers of Atlantic species.
Important populations of migratory fish, birds and otter occur along with extensive areas of saltmarsh (Atlantic salt meadow).
It is a key site for climate-related research and supports important assemblages of lower plants, invertebrates and birds.