[13] The Dinoyo inscriptions found near the city of Malang are the oldest written sources in East Java, dating from 760 CE.

[14] This was a punitive expedition against King Kertanegara of Singhasari, who had refused to pay tribute to the Yuan and maimed one of its ministers.

Majapahit troops, under the command of Gajah Mada, captured and killed the present Members of the Royal Family of Pajajaran.

], it is estimated that Islam entered Java around the 11th century, with the tomb of Fatimah Binti Maimun in the village of Leran in Gresik Regency which dates from 475 AH (1085 AD).

In addition, several Islamic tombs were discovered in Trowulan, located in what is now part of the Mojokerto Regency, near the site of the former Majapahit palace.

He then wrote the book Yingya Shenglan, which tells the story of the countries he visited over the course of the Ming treasure voyages.

The relationship between the Javanese and European colonial powers began in 1522, with the signing of a treaty between the Sunda Kingdom and the Portuguese Empire in Malacca.

In Blitar, an uprising by Pembela Tanah Air (PETA) led by Supriyadi, Moeradi, Halir Mangkudijoyo, and Soemarto occurred in early 1945, but it was crushed by the Japanese.

The formation of government in Surabaya caused disputes between the republican forces and Japanese troops, resulting in various skirmishes across the city.

The battle forced the governor, Suryo, on the advice of People's Security Army (TKR), to move the seat of the government to Mojokerto.

However, security situation Kediri worsen until finally, in February 1947, the East Java provincial government fled to Malang.

Following the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, at which the Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty to the United States of Indonesia, the Dutch withdrew its troops from East Java.

Along with rapid growth of urbanization in East Java, the governments could not satisfy the population's needs for affordable housing, which led to the building of shanty towns along the rivers and rail tracks.

In the middle of the province stretch mountain ranges and volcanoes: On the border with Central Java is Mount Lawu (3,265 metres).

The Brantas River has headwaters on the slopes Mount Arjuno near Batu, and flows through most areas in East Java, like Malang, Blitar, Tulungagung, Kediri, Jombang and Mojokerto.

These regencies and cities with their areas and populations at the 2000, 2010[8] and 2020[9] Censuses, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023,[1] are listed below, grouped geographically into five (unofficial) sub-regions entirely for convenience of access.

The province comprises eleven of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the People's Representative Council.

[1] Akin to Central Java, the region's birth rates are not necessarily any lower than the rest of Java, however due to net population outflows, especially in times of calamity, not limited to volcanic eruptions or droughts, the region has varying rates of population growth that are generally lower than national average.

In the eastern part, such as Surabaya, Malang, and others, a more egalitarian version of Javanese is spoken, with less regard of hierarchy and a richer vocabulary for vulgarity.

A remnant of Hindu tradition and syncretic abangan exists because of Islamic and Hinduism acculturation in Java.East Java GDP share by sector (2022)[32] East Java is known as the hub and center economy of Central and Eastern Indonesia,[33] and has a high economic significance, which contributes over 15% to the Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia.

Sutami, Selorejo, Bening), thermal power station in Paiton, Probolinggo Regency; which provides electricity to the Java-Bali system.

East Java also has a commuter train transportation system with Bojonegoro-Surabaya-Sidoarjo, Surabaya-Sidoarjo-Porong, Surabaya-Lamongan, Surabaya-Mojokerto, Surabaya-Malang, and Jember-Banyuwangi routes.

[39] At present, the Surabaya Gubeng-Kertosono-Madiun line is being developed into a double track and is planned to be completed by the end of 2018 or early 2019 and ready for use in mid-2019.

Currently traditional ludruk groups can be found in the area of Surabaya, Mojokerto and Jombang; although its presence increasingly defeated by modernization.

One of the tourist icon is Mount Bromo in East Java, which is inhabited by the Tengger tribe, where the ceremony is held every year Kasada.

In the mountainous region of Tengger also there is a waterfall that is Madakaripura which is the last hermitage Mahapatih Gajah Mada before serving in the kingdom of Majapahit.

Surabaya is the center of government, entertainment, financial, and business center of East Java, where there are Tugu Pahlawan, the Museum MPU Tantular, Surabaya Zoo, Submarine Monument, Ampel Region, and the Downtown Tunjungan area.Some typical East Javanese dishes include Bakso Malang, Rawon, and Tahu Campur Lamongan.

[53] Surabaya is famous for Rojak Cingur, Semanggi, Lontong Balap, clam satay, mussels, and rice cakes.

[63] By 2023–24 Liga 1 (Indonesia), Indonesian First League clubs from East Java are Persik, Madura United, Arema, and Persebaya.

[64][65] Other sports such as volleyball in East Java also have superior clubs, namely Surabaya Samator and Gresik Petrokimia Pupuk Indonesia.