It is affiliated with the Jiangxi Provincial People's Government, and co-sponsored by SASTIND, the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the China National Nuclear Corporation.

It was jointly built by the People's Government of Jiangxi Province, the State Administration of National Defence Science, Technology and Industry, the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the China Nuclear Industry Corporation.

In 1958, ECUT moved to Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province due to the abundant uranium deposits, and later to Nanchang.

Most of these disciplines are connected to the traditional fields at ECUT, forming more than 20 schools and research centres.

ECUT has more than ten national and provincial laboratories: the State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and the Environment, the National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology, the Science Ministry's International Cooperation Base of Earth Environment, the Education Ministry's Engineering Research Centre for Nuclear Technology, the Reference Laboratory of IAEA and the National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centre for Radioactive Geology.