After the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Tokugawa Ieyasu awarded Echizen Province to his second son, Yūki Hideyasu as a 690,000 koku domain.

The Ogasawara clan continued to rule Katsuyama until the end of the Edo period, suffering from more than ten peasant uprisings brought about by famine, natural disasters and crop failure.

During the Boshin War of the Meiji restoration, Katsuyama Domain quickly sided with the new government, and was assigned to the policing of Kyoto in 1868.

Like most domains in the han system, Katsuyama consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned kokudaka, based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields,[2][3] Ogasawara Sadanobu (小笠原貞信, September 20, 1631-July 28, 1714) was an Edo period daimyō.

He was the son of Takagi Sadakatsu, a kōtai yoriai official within the shogunate administration and was born in Mino Province.

However, as he was only 10 years old at the time, the shogunate decided that he was too young for such an important post, and transferred him to Takasu Domain two months later.

This resulted in a peasant's revolt and rioting for several years, with a delegation from the domain even appearing in Edo in 1697 to take their complaint to higher authorities.

He served as Osaka Kaban in 1703, 1706, 1711 and 1715, and also faced the addition expense of rebuilding the domain's Edo residence after a fire.

he was the second son of Honda Tadamune of Ise-Kanbe Domain, and was posthumously adopted as heir to the childless Ogasawara Nobunari, becoming daimyō in 1730.

However, due to his youth, internal political factions within the domain, and the severe financial situation, he proved unable to handle the responsibilities of his office, and died of illness in 1745.

However, he was only 13-years-old and had poor health, and left domain affairs largely in the hands of senior retainers, who were forced to reduce taxation in 1771 due to peasant revolts.

He was the sixth son of Ogasawara Nagataka and became daimyō on his father's death in 1840. he was received in formal audience by Shōgun Tokugawa Ieyoshi in 1848.

These efforts were hindered by an order from the shogunate to contribute to flood control projects on rivers in the Kantō region and by damage caused by the Ansei great earthquakes of 1854-1855.

In the Boshin War of 1868, the domain quickly sided with the Meiji government, and he served as imperial governor of Katsuyama from 1869-1871.