Ecosystems are complex and ecological indicators can help describe them in simpler terms that can be understood and used by non-scientists to make management decisions.
[4] Using ecological indicators is a pragmatic approach since direct documentation of changes in ecosystems as related to management measures, is cost and time intensive.
For all ecosystems except the Black Sea, the Southern Catalan Sea and, to some extent, the Southeastern Australia, the cumulative importance shifts (in R2f unit) of the indicator B/C in response to fishing pressure were high even under the lowest fishing levels.
Energy and global warming issues have spurred rapid development of green building construction.
It is significant to get a thorough understanding of green building construction, especially for strengthening current energy and environmental policies.