[7] With Donald and Edmund removed, however, Edgar was uncontested king of Scots, and his reign incurred no major crises.

One notable act was his gift of a camel (or perhaps an elephant), presumably a "souvenir" of the First Crusade, to his fellow Gael Muirchertach Ua Briain, High King of Ireland.

[8] In 1098, Edgar signed a treaty with Magnus Barefoot, King of Norway, setting the boundary between Scots and Norwegian claims in the west.

By ceding claims to the Hebrides and Kintyre to Magnus, Edgar acknowledged the practical realities of the existing situation.

Edgar's will also granted David an appanage in "Cumbria" (the lands of the former Kingdom of Strathclyde), and perhaps also in southern parts of Lothian.

[12] This account reports: "On the death of Malcolm [III], king of the Scots, great divisions rose among them, in reference to the succession to the crown.

The confusion probably derives from the murder of their half-sibling Duncan II of Scotland, son of Malcolm III and his first wife Ingibiorg Finnsdottir.

[16] A note in the Annals of Ulster claims that Duncan II was murdered by his brothers Donmall [Donald] and Edmund.