Its name comes from the Caja del Seguro Obrero, organization that was originally housed in the building.

The 12-story building was planned for the Caja del Seguro Obrero Obligatorio (Created in 1924)[1] to a design of the architect Ricardo González Cortés, who was influenced by the ideas of the Chicago school and the Art Deco movement.

[2] Its construction began in 1928 and was completed in 1931,[3] surpassing the Edificio Ariztía as the tallest office building in Chile.

On September 5 of that year, the building was seized by members of the National Socialist Movement of Chile and a shootout took place between them and the Carabineros.

Since November 1989, the building serves as the headquarters for the Ministerio de Justicia.