Edmond de Belamy

Edmond de Belamy, sometimes referred to as Portrait of Edmond de Belamy, is a generative adversarial network (GAN) portrait painting constructed by Paris-based arts collective Obvious in 2018 from WikiArt's artwork database.

[1] Printed on canvas, the work belongs to a series of generative images called La Famille de Belamy.

[5] Hugo Caselles-Dupré found artist Robbie Barrat’s open source algorithm that was forked from Soumith Chintala on Github.

[10] He then used the algorithm to be trained on a set of 15,000 portraits from the online art encyclopedia WikiArt, spanning the 14th to the 19th centuries.

[12] The piece is a portrait depiction of a somewhat blurry man, primarily focused on the top-left corner of the canvas, surrounded by whiter color.

[6] The work belongs to a series of eleven generative images called La Famille de Belamy (from French, lit.

[17] The piece has been criticized because it was created using a generative adversarial network (GAN) software package that was implemented by Robbie Barrat, a then-19-year-old AI artist who was not affiliated with Obvious.

Posts on the project's issue tracker show Obvious members requesting that Barrat provide them with support and custom features.

[14] On the same day that Edmond de Belamy was sold, Barrat posted two images of comparison between Edmond de Belamy and his "outputs from a neural network [he] trained and put online *over a year ago*" on Twitter, writing that they used his code only to later sell the results.

[20] The piece has been placed within a tradition of works calling into question the basis of the modern art market.

[21] Research has used Edmond de Belamy to show how anthropomorphizing AI can affect allocations of responsibility and credit to artists.