Edward Charles Howard

Edward Charles Howard FRS (28 May 1774 – 28 September 1816)[1] the youngest brother of Bernard Howard, 12th Duke of Norfolk, was a British chemist who has been described as "the first chemical engineer of any eminence.

"[2] In January 1799 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and in 1800 awarded their Copley medal for his work on mercury.

In 1813 he invented a method of refining sugar which involved boiling the cane juice not in an open kettle, but in a closed vessel heated by steam and held under partial vacuum.

Howard married Elizabeth Maycock, a daughter of William Maycock, and they had two daughters, Elizabeth (died 1835) and Julia Barbara (died 1856), and one son, Edward Gyles Howard (1805–1840).

[4] Their daughter Julia married Henry Stafford-Jerningham, 9th Baron Stafford, but did not have children.