Greenhow was born at North Shields in 1814, and after receiving his medical education at Edinburgh and Montpellier, he joined his father in practice in that town.
[2] Edward Headlam Greenhow practiced for eighteen years in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and did much work on sanitation, becoming a member of the Town Council of Tynemouth and chairman of the Board of Health.
[citation needed] An inquiry Greenhow undertook into mortality from diseases in certain districts in England, for his lectures, was published as a parliamentary paper by John Simon, medical officer of the Board of Health.
The facts gathered in this inquiry were made the basis of future work arising out of the Public Health Act 1858, when Simon was medical officer to the Privy Council.
[citation needed] Greenhow's various reports as Medical Officer of the Privy Council were instrumental in the emancipation of children, beginning in 1867 with a change to the Workshop Regulation Act.
[3][4][5][6] Greenhow was returning to his home at Reigate on the afternoon of 22 April 1888 - after attending to his duties as medical officer to the Pensions Commutation Board - when, while at Charing Cross Station, he died suddenly.
[citation needed] Greenhow married, in 1842, the widow of Mr. W. Barnard, by whom he had one son, Lincoln College, Oxford University graduate the Rev.