[2] The town of El Callao, between the 18th and 19th centuries, before the arrival of the Spanish and the colony, was inhabited by the indigenous Maquiritare.

[citation needed]Large gold deposits were found in Yuruari, which made El Callao develop rapidly and led to the penetration of English and Brazilian miners.

The El Callao region within the hydrographic basin of the Yuruari River dates from the Precambrian, mainly from the Archean and the Cenozoic.

The volcanic rocks metamorphosed into the green schist facies, received the name of El Callao formation because they were found in this locality.

The most favorable box rocks are metabasalts and metaandesites (green rocks and propylites); Gold is found mainly in the form of native gold in quartz veins and in silicified and carbonate zones and in the form of tellurides and pyrite or arsenopyrite content.

[4] The mayor of the El Callao Municipality is Jesús Coromoto Lugo Larreal, re-elected on October 31, 2004, with 43% of the vote.

[2] The gold mine at El Callao, started in 1871, was for a time one of the richest in the world, and the goldfields as a whole saw over a million ounces exported between 1860 and 1883.

Calypso or as the town's people call it "Calipso" is one of the most popular cultural tradition that the city is well known for in the rest of the country.