Elgin is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States.

[4] It was once a stop on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe railroad and one of the world's busiest cattle shipping towns.

L. P. Getman established the first store in the county, at Elgin, and John Lee, William Gamble and Beadle Welsh started the first saw mill at the same place, which they brought from Wisconsin in 1870.

[5] After the decline of the cattle shipping business, it was sustained by an oil boom that lasted until the mid-1920s.

[6] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.20 square miles (0.52 km2), all of it land.

[7] The 2020 United States census counted 60 people, 24 households, and 19 families in Elgin.

20.8% of households consisted of individuals and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

The racial makeup of the city was 88.8% White, 3.4% Native American, and 7.9% from two or more races.

37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 21.1% of families and 17.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 20.7% of those over 64.