Elihu Stephen Williams (January 24, 1835 – December 1, 1903) was a farmer, lawyer, soldier, and politician who became a member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio, serving from 1887 to 1891.

Elihu Williams worked on his father's farm until 16 years of age, receiving education in the winter at public schools.

He worked among the farmers to earn money to pay his board for a few months, then attended Antioch College to pass examination for a teacher's certificate.

In fall of 1863, he was detailed to the command of the military post at Carthage, Tennessee and remained there until the close of the war.

In 1875, he moved his family to Troy, Ohio, where he established partnership with his brother Henry H. Williams in the practice of law.