Elisa Davidia Margarethe Countess of Ahlefeldt (born 17 November 1788 at Tranekjær Castle on Langeland Island, Denmark, died 20 March 1855 in Berlin) was a German-Danish noblewoman and wife of the Prussian General-major and war hero Adolf von Lützow (1782–1834).
She was a close friend of Friedrich Friesen, and in 1843 she played a decisive role in commemorating the fact that he had been buried at the Berlin Old Garrison Cemetery 29 years after his death.
Common literary and artistic inclinations triggered a love affair, which defined their life from the spring of 1822 for more than 17 years.
She refused to marry Immermann, but followed him first to Magdeburg, then to Duesseldorf, and lived in a common household in a country house, the Collenbach estate on the Ratinger Chaussee in the nearby Derendorf (today Pempelfort), where she visited von Lutzow in May 1829 after his new but unfortunate marriage with Auguste Uebel.
From 1827 to 1839, she supported Immermann's literary work after the beginnings of a joint translation of Walter Scott's Ivanhoe in Münster.
Elisa Gräfin von Ahlefeld got in contact with those of Ludmilla Assing, Clara Mundt-Mühlbach, and Fanny Lewald and they visited each other.