It stands about 12.6 km (41,000 ft) above its base,[2] and about 14.1 km (46,000 ft) above the Martian datum,[2] making it the third tallest Martian mountain in terms of relief and the fourth highest in elevation.

Elysium Mons was discovered in 1972 in images returned by the Mariner 9 orbiter.

The terrestrial volcano Emi Koussi (in Chad) has been studied as an analog of Elysium Mons.

A 6.5 km diameter crater at 29.674 N, 130.799 E, in the volcanic plains to the northwest of Elysium Mons has been identified as a possible source for the nakhlite meteorites, a family of similar basaltic Martian meteorites with cosmogenic ages of about 10.7 Ma, suggesting ejection from Mars by a single impact event.

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