In contrast to coining (which uses unmatched dies), embossing uses matched male and female dies[1] to achieve the pattern, either by stamping, or by passing a sheet or strip of metal between patterned rollers.
Depending on the roller dies used, different patterns can be produced on the metal sheet.
The pressure and a combination of heat actually "irons" while raising the level of the image higher than the substrate to make it smooth.
The pressure with which the bottom roll is raised is referred to as the tonnage capacity.
It is not uncommon to find embossing machines in operation producing patterns less than 6 inches (15 cm) wide all the way up to machines producing patterns 70 inches (180 cm) wide or more.