[1] In addition to a number of poems, some of which were reproduced in the collection of George William Ross, and some by William Douw Lighthall in Songs of the Great Dominion, she was the author of "Froney" (a prize story in the Toronto Week), of "A Romance of Carleton", of "The Thirteenth Temptation", and of the Old, Old Story, the latter a novel.

She attended the Kingston Collegiate and Vocational Institute and the Ottawa Normal School, being fitted to be a public-school teacher in the latter.

After teaching for a period with marked success, she entered, in 1888, the arts department of Queen's University at Kingston[1] (M.A., with First Class final honours in English Literature and Political Science, 1894).

[4] She contributed short poems, sketches, and critical essays to various magazines, including the Kingston, Ontario Whig, the Toronto Globe, the Irish Canadian, the Educational Journal, Queen's College Journal, and the Toronto Week.

[1] Among the best known of her poetical pieces were "Gordon at Khartoum", "Manitoba", "Robert Browning", "Canada", "Drifting", "In April Weather", and "The Lady of Ponce de Leon".