Ernst Goldenbaum (15 December 1898, Parchim – 13 March 1990, East Berlin) was a German politician who served as the chairman of the Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany from 1948 to 1982.

In 1919, he joined the left-wing USPD and a few years later the Communist Party of Germany.

After the Nazis seized power, he became a farmer and a member of the German resistance.

In 1944, he was arrested and he spent the last year of the war in Neuengamme concentration camp.

In 1945, he was one of very few who survived the sinking of the SS Cap Arcona which claimed over 4000 lives.