[citation needed] The condition is characterised by circular, non-pruritic, erythematous rashes which form on the trunk and extremities of the body.

[6] Histological examination of the rash identifies infiltration of mononuclear cells and neutrophils in the papillary and upper half of the reticular dermis layer.

[9][10] The four other major criteria include carditis, polyarthritis, Sydenham's chorea, and subcutaneous nodules.

Alternatively, one dosage of Penicillin G benzathine may be injected intramuscularly followed with a daily course of oral Amoxicillin for a total of 10 days.

This may include a period of antibiotic prophylaxis determined by the presence of carditis and the amount of remaining heart damage.