[3] [10] Source: Statistical Office of Montenegro[11] (c) = 2023 population census preliminary results.

The 1909 official census of Principality of Montenegro - total 317.856 inhabitants During the first decades after WW II most Slavic people identified themselves as Montenegrins, with less than 2% Serbs and less than 2% Croats in 1948.

During the last decades of the existence of Yugoslavia up to 5% of the population declared themselves Yugoslavs (South-Slavs).

Also a noticeable difference compared to 1991 census is the reemerging in the number of Serbs, from nearly 60,000 to 200,000 in a decade.

Others include small ethnic groups of non-European/Slavic origins: Romani, Balkan Egyptians and Black Montenegrins.