[2] Descended from French dealers in Brazil during the first half of the 19th-century, he graduated in civil engineering in 1905 from the Polytechnic School of Rio de Janeiro, became interested in economics in the 1920s.

In 1944 the then Minister of Education, Gustavo Capanema, appointed Gudin to draft the Bill that institutionalized the economics course in Brazil.

During the seven months he was Finance Minister (1954-1955), he promoted a policy of economic stabilization based on cutting public spending and containing monetary expansion and credit, which caused a crisis in industry sectors.

His passage through the portfolio was also marked by the decree of Instruction 113, of the Superintendence of Currency and Credit (Sumoc), which facilitated foreign investments in the country, and which would be widely used in the government of Juscelino Kubitschek.

The Eugênio Gudin Award was established in 1983 by Mackenzie University to reward professionals in the areas of economics, accounting or administration, as well as students of these courses highlighted by merit.