[1] It was signed on 9 September 1994 in Moscow, Russia, and entered into force on 12 August 1995.

[2][3] After the Collapse of the Soviet Union, its successor states had no system for protection of intellectual property.

A common patent system was conceived in a convention which was signed on 27 December 1991, but never entered into force.

[2] This system would provide for a true unitary patent that "may be granted, assigned or canceled in the territory of all the Contracting States with due regard to the invention patentability criteria provided for in the USSR legislation".

The second version of the convention went less far: in line with the European Patent Convention,[3] it provided for a single evaluation phase, but after approval, it would be converted in a bundle of national patents.