Eveready Battery Company

Today, the company makes batteries in the United States and China and has production facilities around the world.

In 1896, Russian immigrant Conrad Hubert founded the American Electrical Novelty and Manufacturing Company to market battery powered devices.

[3] This "electric device" designed by Misell was powered by "D" batteries laid front-to-back in a paper tube with the light bulb and a rough brass reflector at the end.

[6] In 1906 the British Ever Ready Electrical Company (BEREC) was formed for export of batteries; it became independent in 1914.

[15] In 1957, employees Lewis Urry, Paul Marsal, and Karl Kordesch invented a long-lasting alkaline battery using a zinc/manganese dioxide chemistry while working for Union Carbide's Cleveland plant.

[20] In 1986, Union Carbide sold its Battery Products Division to Ralston Purina Company for $1.4 billion.

After the transfer, the division was named Eveready Battery Company, Inc., becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Ralston Purina.

[21] By the end of 1987, Eveready held 58-60% percent market share, but that number had fallen to 40-45% by 1989 thanks to competition from Duracell.

[22][23] In December 1988, Eveready's European unit acquired Cofinea, a French company that made Wonder and Mazda batteries.

[32] By September, it was announced that Eveready would sell its rechargeable battery division, though it retained a minority stake.

The business unit was renamed Energizer Holdings, Inc., with Eveready Battery Company, Inc continuing as a subsidiary.

[34] The company's initial factory opened in the 1890s and was located near Edgewater Park in Cleveland, Ohio.

In the 1970s, actor Robert Conrad was the spokesman for Eveready Alkaline Power Cells, in which he compared his tough physique to the performance of the battery placed on his shoulder, and daring someone to knock it off.

"[48] In the late 1980s, there was an Australian advertising campaign featuring Mark 'Jacko' Jackson and his pitch line "Energizer!

[51] Outside the United States and Canada, the company uses an anthropomorphic AA battery named Mr. Energizer as its mascot.

[52][53][54] Both the Eveready and Energizer marks are used under license by auto parts magnate Pep Boys for their in-house car batteries.

January 1899 Ever-Ready flashlight ad mentioning the proceedings against the alleged patent-infringing rival companies