The Neon pygmy goby is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the Pacific Ocean and has been recorded from the Ryukyu Islands, Pohnpei, Guam, Marshall Islands and Abaiang Atoll in Kiribati records elsewhere represent Eviota atriventris.

[5] Sticking to lagoonal areas with much shelter, these fishes are often found in groups, browsing for microinvertebrates (and seeking refuge) among the branches of small-polyped stony corals, as well as sometimes cleaning parasites and dead tissues from larger fish.

Its diet in captivity consists of small invertebrates including copepods and amphipod larvae, and they may occasionally be seen clearing other fish of parasites and dead tissues.

An environment that is branchy or with many perches is most suitable, and SPS will often be enjoyed as a home.

Macroalgaes and porous rock will provide much enjoyable browsing for these fish.