The species of this genus are found only in Australia, often in small burrows they dig up themselves.

They put pollen and nectar inside their burrows which they lay their eggs on.

Environmental factors experienced by this species that impact its behavior include nesting substrate, predation and parasitization, and resource availability.

[5] Focused substrate preferences have been show to create localized nest aggregations which impact behaviors such as task specializations.

[5][6] Task specialization in one species of Exoneura, E. bicolor, expresses as altruistic behaviors seen as guarding and nest absenters who face an increased individual risk for the health and success of the colony.