[6] Two other closely related species, E. longirostratum, and E. mcginnisii display a high homology with E. rostratum; however these can be differentiated by conidial morphology.

[6] In contrast, E. mcginnisii has slightly clavate conidia, which are smooth-walled and brown and measure 44–76 x 11–18 μm with 4–8 distosepta lacking darkened bands.

[8] In samples of naturally infested soil, overlaying plates with filter paper promotes sporulation and enables detection at low population levels.

[8] In 1952, a study of the French Sahara and desert zone of Kizil Koum in Turkestan, identified a wide range of micromycetes in the uppermost layers of the soil.

[9] The genus Exserohilum comprises dematiaceous fungi commonly associated with foliar plant diseases and rarely with human and animal phaeohyphomycosis.

[15] Melanin production has also been associated with drug resistance to polyenes and echinocandins but not to azoles, which is why voriconanole is effective at treating fungal infections.

[16] In one case, a three-year-old boy with ALL developed a single painless necrotic lesion on his left forearm, which increased rapidly in size to 5 cm in diameter within 24 hours.

[16] This lesion occurred at the skin site on his arm where a gauze-covered wood splint secured the intravenous line the day before.

[16] In another case, an 8-year-old boy with ALL developed febrile neutropenia with ecthyma gangrenosum, sinus and pulmonary involvement also due to intravenous contamination.

[16] In 2012, a case report of keratomycosis in a healthy 46-year-old farmer, found E. rostratum as the cause of corneal infection after an incident of local trauma with vegetable matter.

[13] In 2012, E. rostratum was responsible for the nationwide outbreak of fungal meningitis in the U.S caused by contaminated corticosteroid injections from the New England Compounding Center (NECC) in Framingham, Massachusetts.

Recent cases of sinusitis and cutaneous infections report successful results when treated with amphotericin B, itraconazole and/or voriconazole.

[6] Although E. rostratum is sensitive to amphotericin B, a common antifungal agent, the severe and potentially lethal side-effects of this drug have limited its use in certain patients, particularly those of older age.

[20] Exserohilum rostratum is being incorporated in technologies for controlling Cyperus iria, a common weed in the rice fields of Southeast Asia.

[22] A study determined that E. rostratum has the potential to act as a biocontrol agent incorporated with bentazone to control rice field weeds.