Extender (set theory)

In set theory, an extender is a system of ultrafilters which represents an elementary embedding witnessing large cardinal properties.

A nonprincipal ultrafilter is the most basic case of an extender.

( κ , λ )

-extender can be defined as an elementary embedding of some model

of ZFC− (ZFC minus the power set axiom) having critical point

to an ordinal at least equal to

It can also be defined as a collection of ultrafilters, one for each

Let κ and λ be cardinals with κ≤λ.

is called a (κ,λ)-extender if the following properties are satisfied: By coherence, one means that if

are finite subsets of λ such that

is an element of the ultrafilter

and one chooses the right way to project

down to a set of sequences of length

α

α

α

α

α

α

are pairwise distinct and at most

we define the projection

ξ

ξ

ξ

ξ

Given an elementary embedding

which maps the set-theoretic universe

into a transitive inner model

with critical point κ, and a cardinal λ, κ≤λ≤j(κ), one defines

has all the properties stated above in the definition and therefore is a (κ,λ)-extender.