Eysenhardtia orthocarpa is a species of small flowering tree, (a kidneywood) in the family Fabaceae.

The species avoids the hotter, and lower elevation desert region west-northwestwards in Arizona; in Sonora it also avoids the hot Gran Desierto de Altar that lies to the northwest, at the eastern shore of the Gulf of California.

3, Minor Western Hardwoods, Little,[1] shows the Mexican Plateau range of "kidneywood" from Chihuahua-Coahuila-Nuevo León-Tamalulipas south to Hidalgo in the Sierra Madre Oriental, in the southeast, and to Pacific Coast western Oaxaca at the south.

Of note E. Texana (Scheele), lies intersecting the range E. polystachya to the northeast in southeast Chihuahua-Coahuila-Nuevo León;[2] there, it is the continuation of the species E. polystachya northeastwards into Texas, but as the species Eysenhardtia texana.

The resolution of the three groups are thus orthocarpa in the northwest, texana in the northeast, and polystachya in the rest of central and southern Mexico.