Ezra Michener (1794 - 1887) was an American botanist and medical doctor who lived in Chester County, Pennsylvania, USA for most of his life.

He became interested in plants and spent time at Harmony Grove, a botanic garden begun in the mid-1770s by the self-taught botanist John Jackson (1748–1821), developed further by later generations of his family and which survived into the early twentieth century as the area developed into a horticultural company.

He exchanged information and specimens with Edward Tuckerman, Moses Ashley Curtis and William Henry Ravenel, among others.

He worked on this between 1855 and 1857, devising a system for mounting and labelling the specimens in communication with the botanical committee of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.

He presented a collection of 426 preserved mammals, birds and reptiles to Swarthmore College, the majority of which he had prepared himself, to the academy in 1869, but they were subsequently destroyed in a fire.

His collections of plants, fungi, lichens and shells were given by his son to Bayard Taylor Memorial Library.

The fungi and lichens were subsequently sold to the US government Bureau of Plant Industry to become part of its reference collection.