Falcon 9 B1060

It was the senior active booster vehicle for the company[1] since the demise of B1058 on 25 December 2023 during transit back to shore, until being expended for the Galileo FOC FM25 & FM27 mission on 28 April 2024.

That mission was flown successfully on 23 December 2018, and required a newly built Falcon 9 Block 5 (B1054) to be expended on its maiden flight.

This launch, the Space Force had approved for the rocket to withhold some of its propellant, allowing B1060 to land on droneship Just Read The Instructions after completing its mission.

[5] Due to landing failures of previous flight-proven boosters, the early success of B1060 was seen as key to expand SpaceX's Starlink service as quickly as possible.

[13] During this period, SpaceX pushed the limits of its first-stage Falcon 9 boosters to launch, land and relaunch more frequently.

[15] It reached 15 at the beginning of 2023, requiring SpaceX to recertify its Falcon fleet for further duty in a process that lasted several months.

[24] B1060 was assigned to IM-1, the second landing attempt for NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services program, in late January or early February 2024.

[4] The Nova-C lander, named Odysseus, was powered by liquid methane and oxygen, requiring it to be fueled on the launchpad while encapsulated in its payload fairing.

[4] Odysseus would eventually touch down on Malapert A, becoming the first commercially developed vehicle to ever soft-land on the Moon, and the first successful American Lunar landing since the end of the Apollo program 52 years prior.

The agency lost its own capability to launch heavier payloads after the retirement of the Ariane 5 in 2023, and tensions with Russia following its 2022 invasion of Ukraine put its use of Soyuz rockets on hold.

[28] For its 20th and final flight, B1060 launched a pair of Galileo satellites, FM25 "Patrick" and FM27 "Julina", into medium-Earth orbit on 28 April 2024 UTC.

B1060 launching from SLC-40 during its 12th mission, while Ax-1 and Artemis 1 are on adjacent pads
B1060 landing back at LZ-1 during its 8th mission
B1060 landing back at LZ-1 during its 15th mission