Fanny Neal Yarborough Bickett[a] (October 11, 1870 – July 3, 1941) was an American social worker, public official, lawyer, and lobbyist.

She served as the First Lady of North Carolina from 1917 to 1921, as the wife of Governor Thomas W. Bickett, and used her influence in his administration to enact social reforms and support women's suffrage.

Bickett was the commandant of the Southeastern District of the U.S. Training Corps and visited American troops in France as a representative of the YMCA.

After serving as first lady, Bickett served in various civic roles, including as a member of the board of governors of the North Carolina School for the Blind and Deaf, as the Head of the Infant and Maternal Welfare Bureau of the North Carolina State Department of Health, and as the Superintendent of Public Welfare for Wake County.

Bickett was born Fanny Neal Yarborough on October 11, 1870, at Rose Hill, her family's plantation in Franklin County.

[3] Due to her influence, her husband's administration introduced social reforms including the establishment of juvenile courts, stricter regulations regarding the employment of minors, better treatment and living conditions for incarcerated people, and an increase in public health services.

[4] Bickett provided housing for soldiers passing through Raleigh during the war, allowing them to stay at the governor's mansion, setting up sixty cots in the ballroom.

[2] Shortly after his death, Bickett became the head of the Infant and Maternal Welfare Bureau of the State Department of Health, serving in this capacity until 1924.

[4] She was known to have progressive views on racial policy, and hired several African-American people for professional and clerical positions in her office.