He was one of seven children born to Giovanni Battista Anderloni, a wealthy farmer, and Anna Maria née Ronco.
While studying in his hometown, he developed an early interest in scientific and educational illustration.
[1] In 1784, he moved to Pavia to oversee the production of illustrations for two more of Scarpa's works, on the nervous system and bones.
During that time, he also created plates for a major treatise on zoology and botany by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli.
[1] From there, he settled in Florence, where his brother-in-law, Giovita Garavaglia, had recently become director of the Academy of Fine Arts.