He was the youngest of seven children born to Giovanni Battista Anderloni, a wealthy farmer, and Anna Maria née Ronco.
He began by studying drawing, with the intention of becoming a painter, but when Faustino moved to Pavia to take a position as an art teacher, Pietro joined him there.
A notable exception came when he was entrusted with a commission from Eugène de Beauharnais, the Viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy.
The engraving was based on a painting by Antonio Raffaele Calliano, and won a gold medal for Anderloni in 1810.
He also created numerous copies of works by the Old Masters; notably The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple, by Raphael.