[1] Rooted in the Roman Rite, the feast features a Mass and Divine Office enriched with Gregorian chant, honoring Agatha's martyrdom under the Decian persecution and her enduring legacy as a protector against fire, earthquakes, and bodily afflictions.

[1] Agatha's intercessory power grew through reported miracles, notably halting Mount Etna's eruptions (e.g., in 252 AD, a year after her death, when her veil was said to stop lava).

The feast's liturgical shape took form as Gregorian chant developed under Pope Gregory I (r. 590–604) and Carolingian reforms (8th–9th centuries), integrating her story into the Roman Rite's sanctoral cycle.

On the other hand, the very particular warmth of the liturgical chants in honour of Saint Agatha struck the musicians, and the introit was supposed, with great probability, to be the Latin adaptation of a Greek troparion, borrowed perhaps from a liturgy of Sicily.

The Office, sung in monasteries and cathedrals, features: These chants, preserved in manuscripts like the Antiphonale Missarum and Graduale Romanum (11th century), reflect Carolingian standardization, using just intonation for a pure, modal sound.

[7] Key rituals include: The Mass, once fully Gregorian, now blends chant with Sicilian hymns like O Virginedda bedda in the Novus Ordo, though traditionalists maintain the Tridentine form.

[8] The commemoration of Saint Agatha is also a bank holiday in the Repbublic of San Marino where she is honored as co-patroness of the Republic after the country was liberated from foreign rule on her feast day in 1740.