The split arose from disagreements with other key figures, Gigi Tsereteli and Akaki Bobokhidze over the primary results.

They argue that federalism, common in European countries, can balance power and ensure accountability, countering the centralized, self-contained state.

Their approach aims to decentralize power, reduce elite influence, and guide Georgia back to European and Western values.

[19][20] Current members have also been involved in significant work, such as the "New Republic", a roadmap for economically liberal reforms developed with their adherents under the Liberty Institute.

The name "Federalists" was inspired by an interview with General Giorgi Kvinitadze, which was broadcast by Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty in 1968:[23]"Georgia and the Georgian people, with their traditions, customs, and state arrangement, are European, not Asian.