Fences and pickets model of plasma membrane structure

The fences and pickets model was proposed to explain observations of molecular traffic made due to recent advances in single molecule tracking techniques.

[1] In this model various TM proteins are anchored to and aligned along the membrane skeleton, and effectively act as rows of pickets against the free diffusion of phospholipids.

[1] Therefore, when there are many such anchored TM proteins aligned along the membrane-skeleton fence, the compartment boundary becomes difficult for membrane molecules to pass through.

This immobilization is often enhanced upon receptor engagement, and constitutes a key step for recruiting the downstream signaling molecule.

As such, the actin-based membrane skeleton might work as a base scaffold for enhancing the interactions between the receptor and the actin-bound downstream molecules and for localized signaling.