The district spans 170 square miles (440 km2) covering almost all of the city of Sugar Land, the city of Meadows Place, the Fort Bend county portion of Missouri City, Arcola, small sections of Houston, small sections of Pearland (including some of Shadow Creek Ranch, which is attempting to secede from FBISD),[2] the unincorporated communities of Clodine, Four Corners, Juliff, and Fresno, and the Fort Bend County portion of Mission Bend.

[7] On June 23, 1964, the board of trustees for FBISD began the desegregation process via adopting a plan calling for freedom of choice for attending high schools.

Several rounds of legal litigation ensued, largely stemming from concerns that the secession would impede on FBISD's desegregation process and worries that it would inspire others to leave the district (most notably in Sugar Land, where a sizable number of parents did seek to leave and carve their own school district).

LeBouef left in March 1991 and Raj K. Chopra became superintendent in August of that year.

Governor of Texas Greg Abbott had prohibited local governments from issuing mask mandates.

[10] In August the district board voted 4–3 to reverse its stance and require masks.

[citation needed] FBISD's current administration building is located in Sugar Land, near the Town Square and First Colony Mall.

When the district was first created Sugar Land Junior High School had the administrative offices.

However, there was no tax assessor-collector in Sugar Land, so the taxation office was in Missouri City as that municipality did have one.

FBISD also manages 2 athletic complexes, complete with turf and Video/LED scoreboards from NEVCO: Louis P. Rodgers Memorial Auditorium in Dulles High School was built in 1969.

[16] Seventy percent of the district's campuses received an Exemplary or Recognized rating from the Texas Education Agency in 2002.

The current Superintendent is Dr. Marc Smith, who was chosen by the Board of Trustees on December 15, 2023.

He was succeeded by Dr. Christie Whitbeck after her retirement was voted on by the Board of Trustees December 4, 2023.

Fort Bend ISD opened several magnet programs to foster small learning communities with a career based focus.