Her research studies the historical evolution of chemical abundances in the Milky Way and its satellite galaxies; she is also known for her activism for improving the gender balance of professional astronomy.
[1] Primas was a high school student in Gorizia, and studied astronomy at the University of Trieste, both in Italy.
[3] After postdoctoral research at the University of Chicago in the US from 1995 to 1997, and at the European Southern Observatory from 1997 to 2000, she continued at the European Southern Observatory as a support astronomer beginning in 2000, became head of the user support department in 2006, and was promoted to full astronomer in 2015.
[2] In approximately 2008, she authored a study of gender distribution among European Southern Observatory astronomers.
[1][4] In 2023, Primas was named as the inaugural recipient of the Nancy Grace Roman Award for Promoting Gender Equity of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.